The Transformation of Human Rights in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Challenges, Adaptations and Policy Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51660/Keywords:
Human rights, artificial intelligence, technology, digital ethics, regulation, privacy, justice, United Nations, ColombiaAbstract
Objective. This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and the technological era on the protection of human rights, identifying the main challenges, opportunities, and regulatory adaptation needs necessary to safeguard fundamental rights in digital environments. Method. A qualitative approach is employed, based on documentary and comparative analysis. Historical sources (such as the 1956 Dartmouth Conference), international reports (especially from the United Nations), regulatory frameworks, and recent jurisprudence (such as the 2024 T-323 ruling of the Constitutional Court of Colombia) are reviewed. The study integrates theoretical, ethical, and legal perspectives, analyzing the evolution and adaptation of human rights in the face of technological transformation. Results. The research reveals that AI has radically transformed how fundamental rights—such as privacy, equality, freedom of expression, and access to justice—are exercised and protected. Risks associated with algorithmic opacity, automated discrimination, mass surveillance, and information manipulation are identified. At the same time, AI offers opportunities to optimize judicial and administrative processes, provided that ethical principles and procedural safeguards are respected. International regulatory frameworks, such as UN reports, and national jurisprudential developments, such as the Colombian case, show progress in regulatory adaptation but also highlight the need for new digital rights and control mechanisms. Conclusion. The digital era and artificial intelligence represent a structural transformation for human rights, requiring a dynamic and multidisciplinary adaptation of regulatory frameworks. It is essential to strengthen the protection of human dignity by updating existing rights, recognizing new digital rights, and implementing effective accountability mechanisms. The central challenge is to ensure that technology empowers people and does not deepen inequalities, ensuring that technological innovation always serves humanity and its fundamental rights. The recognition of digital space as a domain of human rights, promoted by the United Nations, underscores the urgency of this collective and collaborative task.
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