La Transformación de los Derechos Humanos en la Era de la Inteligencia Artificial: Desafíos, Adaptaciones y Perspectivas Normativas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51660/Palabras clave:
Derechos humanos, inteligencia artificial, tecnología, eticadigital, regulación, privacidad, justicia, Naciones Unidas, ColombiaResumen
Objetivo. El artículo examina el impacto de la inteligencia artificial (IA) y la era tecnológica en la garantía de los derechos humanos, identificando los principales desafíos, oportunidades y necesidades de adaptación normativa para proteger los derechos fundamentales en entornos digitales. Método. Se emplea un enfoque cualitativo basado en el análisis documental y comparativo. Se revisan fuentes históricas (como la Conferencia de Dartmouth de 1956), informes internacionales (especialmente de la ONU), marcos normativos y jurisprudencia reciente (como la Sentencia T-323 de 2024 de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia). El estudio integra perspectivas teóricas, éticas y legales, analizando la evolución y adaptación de los derechos humanos frente a la transformación tecnológica. Resultados. La investigación revela que la IA ha transformado radicalmente la forma en que se ejercen y protegen derechos fundamentales como la privacidad, la igualdad, la libertad de expresión y el acceso a la justicia. Se identifican riesgos asociados a la opacidad algorítmica, la discriminación automatizada, la vigilancia masiva y la manipulación de la información. Al mismo tiempo, la IA ofrece oportunidades para optimizar procesos judiciales y administrativos, siempre que se respeten principios éticos y garantías procesales. Los marcos regulatorios internacionales, como los informes de la ONU, y los desarrollos jurisprudenciales nacionales, como el caso colombiano, muestran avances en la adaptación normativa, pero evidencian la necesidad de nuevos derechos digitales y mecanismos de control. Conclusión. La era digital y la inteligencia artificial representan una transformación estructural para los derechos humanos, que exige una adaptación dinámica y multidisciplinaria de los marcos normativos. Es fundamental fortalecer la protección de la dignidad humana mediante la actualización de derechos existentes, el reconocimiento de nuevos derechos digitales y la implementación de mecanismos efectivos de rendición de cuentas. El reto central es garantizar que la tecnología empodere a las personas y no profundice las desigualdades, asegurando que la innovación tecnológica esté siempre al servicio de la humanidad y sus derechos fundamentales. El reconocimiento del espacio digital como ámbito de derechos humanos, impulsado por la ONU, subraya la urgencia de esta tarea colectiva y colaborativa.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Alberto Rojas Rios (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
